HOW TO PREPARE YOUR RECORDED TRACKS FOR PROFESSIONAL MIXING
by Mark King for proworkshop.com
You can use whatever odd naming conventions you want when you're in the creative mode at home but when you bring your tracks to the studio for mixing you need to prepare them correctly or else you'll end up wasting a lot of studio time.
OVERVIEW
Overall, what we're going to describe is basically exporting audio tracks from your DAW so they will import into the mixing DAW system with the minimum amount of error and house-keeping. First we'll talk about how to number and label the tracks so they make sense to the mix engineer, then we'll get into a little more about the exporting process. We'll also look at keeping a LOG for the song and including it as a text file along with the tracks.
INDIVIDUAL SONG FOLDERS
The audio files for each song should be contained inside a single folder. If the song is part of an album then the song folder name should be numbered according to the order it will appear on the album.
The folder name should start with the song number, this will be two digits, for numbers less than 10 the first number should be a zero.
Follow the song number with the song title.
Follow the song title with the tempo of the song in bpm (beats per minute)
Follow the bpm with the date, two digits for the month, two digits for the day and two digits for the year.
Here is an example folder title: 01 Da Island 96bpm 011418
Inside each song folder the mix engineer should find the individual audio files for your tracks.
EXAMPLE FOLDER OF FULLY LABELED TRACKS
You could have more drum tracks or less, this is just a typical layout based on the way we usually record drums. We don't normally record a separate hi hat track but we can on request. It would be included in the drum numbering section after the snare drum tracks and its label would be Hh.
FOLDER NAME: 01 Da Island 96bpm 011418
01 Kk.wav
02 SnT.wav
03 SnB.wav
04 Lo.wav
05 Mid.wav
06 Hi.wav
07 L Ovhd.wav
08 R Ovhd.wav
09 L Ride.wav
10 R Ride.wav
11 Bass.wav
12 Bass dry.wav
13 K1.wav
14 K1 dry.wav
15 Gtr1.wav
16 Gtr1 dry.wav
17 Gtr2.wav
18 Gtr2 dry.wav
19 Gtr3.wav
20 Gtr3 dry.wav
21 V1.wav
22 V2.wav
23 V3.wav
24 V4.wav
Da Island Log.txt
All of the above track information along with the text file of the LOG can be inside this one folder so everything is together and organized for this song.
When this group of audio tracks is dragged into a fresh Logic Pro X session, all the tracks populate correctly with the audio files, in correct order with their correct names, no house-keeping or cleanup is required. Try it at home, make a folder of audio tracks and drag them into a freshly created Logic Pro X session, watch them all go to their correct places. Numbering the tracks is the key to controlling the order when they import.
When this group of audio tracks is dragged into a fresh Logic Pro X session, all the tracks populate correctly with the audio files, in correct order with their correct names, no house-keeping or cleanup is required. Try it at home, make a folder of audio tracks and drag them into a freshly created Logic Pro X session, watch them all go to their correct places. Numbering the tracks is the key to controlling the order when they import.
NUMBER THE TRACKS
Track one: Start with 01 (that is zero followed by a one)
Track two: 02
Track three: 03
...and so on. This simple step will get your tracks to come into the mixing system in logical and correct order.
LABELING
Use compact abbreviations. Instead of Vocal, or lead vocal or VOX, just use a capital V. If there are multiple vocals then follow the V with a number.
Instead of "Modern Piano one", just put K (for keyboard) followed by a number which signifies which keyboard track it is.
DRUM LABELING (Proworkshop preferred drum labels)
Bass or kick drum = 01 Kk
Snare drum top mic = 02 SnT
Snare drum bottom mic =03 SnB
Low tom = 04 Lo
Mid tom = 05 Mid
High tom = 06 Hi
Left Overhead = 07 L Ovhd
Right Overhead = 08 R Ovhd
Left Ride = 09 L Ride
Right Ride = 10 R Ride
HUGELY IMPORTANT: Be sure to note in your LOG whether the drums are recorded from audience or drummer point of view. This can be a source of confusion when it comes to combining the overhead microphones with the left to right blend of the tom-tom microphones.
At proworkshop.com we always record and mix from the audience point of view, as if the listener is someone in the audience, watching the drummer perform on stage (unless you tell us the tracks are captured some other way). This means that the right-overhead microphone is actually pointed at cymbals on the drummers-left side (from his point of view sitting in the drum set) and it means that the left-overhead microphone is actually pointed at cymbals on the drummers right side). To compensate for this during recording the drummer puts his headphones on backwards so everything pans together and feels natural while performing.
KEEP A WRITTEN LOG
You may depend on some internal note keeping in your DAW but that does not translate across platforms.
If you plan on working with a studio to mix your tracks keep a written LOG with notes that detail in minimum words what the various tracks have on them, for example, what keyboards K1, K2, and K3 are. Simple entries are fine, K1 = grand piano, K2 = Prophet 6, K3 = string pad......and so on.
You can also LOG what the various vocal tracks are.
V1 = lead vocal
V2= harmony
V3= harmony
You can always expand the description in your log, this will help the engineer understand what they've got to work with.
Do your experimenting at home. We embrace creativity and experimenting but when you bring your files to be mixed we need the good stuff that is to be included in the track with simple naming and the Log if we need to refer to what you intended for each of the tracks.
If you use a simple text program for LOG notes then it's easy to include this file in the folder with the audio files for this song.
Just use a simple text program for your LOG (or an index card and a pencil).
Don't use a commercial office product like Microsoft Word or Excel which we don't have on the DAW in the studio.
The Log for a song becomes the translation table when you export your tracks for mixing. Use your Log to export correctly named files for the mixing studio.
TEMPO
Write down the tempo of the song in your LOG. Often times the tempo will export right along with the audio files but sometimes it does not work. Don't depend on the tempo to export, write it down.
STAY CONSISTENT
If the kick drum is on track 01 for one song, be sure it's also on 01 on the next song.
If the snare drum top mic is on track 02, be sure it's on 02 on all the songs.
CROSSFADES
If you comp edit vocal tracks or any track be sure all your crossfades and edits are click free and correct BEFORE YOU EXPORT COMPLETE TRACKS.
DRY TRACK FOR REAMPLIFYING
If you're recording electric stringed instruments (like bass guitar, electric guitar or electric acoustic) use a direct box between the instrument and the amp you're using, record the dry direct output of the instrument through the direct box onto a track by itself, be sure the level is low enough so that the track never clips. It needs to be on a track by itself not part of a stereo or dual track.
You can record through an amplifier or plug-in or whatever you want on another track but have that dry track there so the mix engineer can re-amplify the track if necessary, it's your safety net.
CONSOLIDATE YOUR TRACKS
All the tracks should start at 00:00 at the left edge of the arrange window and progress to the end of the song or until they have no more part in it.
EXPORTING FROM LOGIC PRO X
In LOGIC PRO X you set up the yellow selection bar at the top of the screen, starting at the left edge and dragging the yellow bar to the right to define how much of the track you want to export.
I often have tracks in my song that won't be used in the final mix but I'm not ready to trash them yet. This is why I export my tracks one by one. The process takes very little time and it gives you the chance to clean up your track naming on a track by track basis as you prepare them. Be sure you have the correct track selected that you want to export.
COMMAND-E will open a dialogue box, you can pick the place you're going to export to and all your subsequent exports in this session will also follow this path. This makes it an easy and straight-forward task to create consolidated tracks, in a properly named folder.
Another advantage of exporting this way is that you won't end up with mono tracks suddenly becoming twice their original size as they're converted to stereo tracks. You can still export stereo tracks as stereo so nothing is lost.
I recently timed myself doing the export process one track at a time and correctly naming the resulting files, I completed 12 exports and correctly named the files in less than two minutes. It would go even faster if I'd stuck to my own naming conventions when I created the tracks in the first place (which I will be doing in 2018 :-). I was able to export all 33 tracks with correct naming in less than five minutes and create an archive that would import into virtually any DAW correctly.
EXPORT FORMAT
For mixing at proworkshop.com be sure your tracks are 44.1/24-bit and the file format is WAV.
DO NOT EXPORT EVERYTHING TO STEREO TRACKS
Don't waste hard drive space or DAW horsepower for your mix engineer, keep stereo tracks stereo and mono tracks mono.
Personally I recommend that stereo tracks be done as two individual mono tracks so the pan from left to right can be determined at mix down time more conveniently and more creatively.
DO NOT PUT ALL YOUR SONGS INTO ONE PROJECT FILE
The individual track files for each song go into a folder with that song name and tempo in the title as shown at the beginning of this article.
Each song has its own folder of tracks, when you open the folder all your track names should be there in order starting with 01 at the top.
INCLUDE ALL THE TRACKS
You might have recorded drums in our studio two months ago but you've got versions on your machine that may have the start point edited or are somehow different than the masters we have on file (if we still have them at all).
Don't make us go looking for the drums and wasting time trying to conform and edit them to work! Just export new tracks from your session (using the naming convention previously described), they're guaranteed to start at the right time and be compatible with all the other tracks you're providing for mixing.
STUDIO LOG
Memory sticks have a way of accumulating files on them and if you don't keep a LOG then they can really be a time waster investigating what's on them.
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| 4" x 6" storage bag, 3" x 5" index card, keeps things together |
On logs for memory sticks it's a good idea to note the format of the stick on the log, for example, our Tascam stereo mastering recorder will only record on memory sticks formatted using the Tascam recorder. It actually formats as a form of FAT 32 but the recorder does not like FAT 32 formatted on Apple or Windows computers. This is why I label my memory sticks individually, set them up with an index card Log so I know if they're regular memory or music playback memory.
